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AES / AES-GCM

The AES cipher, often used in GCM mode to encrypt and authenticate at once.

AES is the underlying block cipher; AES-GCM wraps it in Galois/Counter Mode so the same operation both encrypts data and produces an authentication tag. A constant-time AES implementation resists timing attacks by never branching or indexing on secret data. Together they give confidentiality and tamper-detection in one pass.